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Congress
The Senate
The House of Representatives

The United States Government Manual

Congress

ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS

http://www.congress.gov

The Congress of the United States was created by Article I, section 1, of the Constitution, adopted by the Constitutional Convention on September 17, 1787, providing that “All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives."

The first Congress under the Constitution met on March 4, 1789, in the Federal Hall in New York City. The membership then consisted of 20 Senators and 59 Representatives.*

* New York ratified the Constitution on July 26, 1788, but did not elect its Senators until July 15 and 16, 1789. North Carolina did not ratify the Constitution until November 21, 1789; Rhode Island ratified it on May 29, 1790.

Congressional Record

Proceedings of Congress are published in the Congressional Record, which is issued each day when Congress is in session. Publication of the Record began March 4, 1873. It was the first record of debate officially reported, printed, and published directly by the Federal Government. The Daily Digest of the Congressional Record, printed in the back of each issue of the Record, summarizes the proceedings of that day in each House and each of their committees and subcommittees, respectively. The Digest also presents the legislative program for each day and, at the end of the week, gives the program for the following week. Its publication was begun March 17, 1947.

Congressional Record (Bound), 1873–2016

https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/crecb

Congressional Record (Daily), 1994–Present

https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/CREC

Sessions

Article I, section 4, of the Constitution makes it mandatory that "The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year. . . ." Under this provision, also, the date for convening Congress was designated originally as the first Monday in December, "unless they shall by Law appoint a different Day." Eighteen acts were passed, up to 1820, providing for the meeting of Congress on other days of the year. From 1820 to 1934, however, Congress met regularly on the first Monday in December. In 1934 the 20th amendment changed the convening of Congress to January 3, unless Congress "shall by law appoint a different day." In addition, the President, according to Article II, section 3, of the Constitution "may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper. . . ."

https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript#toc-section-4-

Powers of Congress

Article I, section 8, of the Constitution defines the powers of Congress. Included are the powers to assess and collect taxes—called the chief power; to regulate commerce, both interstate and foreign; to coin money; to establish post offices and post roads; to establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court; to declare war; and to raise and maintain an army and navy. Congress is further empowered "To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;" and "To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof."

https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript#toc-section-8-

Amendments to the Constitution

Another power vested in the Congress is the right to propose amendments to the Constitution, whenever two-thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary. Should two-thirds of the State legislatures demand changes in the Constitution, it is the duty of Congress to call a constitutional convention. Proposed amendments shall be valid as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislatures or by conventions of three-fourths of the States, as one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by Congress.

Prohibitions Upon Congress

Article I, section 9, of the Constitution also imposes prohibitions upon Congress. "The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it." A bill of attainder or an ex post facto law cannot be passed. No export duty can be imposed. Ports of one State cannot be given preference over those of another State. "No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law. . . ." No title of nobility may be granted.

https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript#toc-section-9-

Rights of Members

According to Article I, section 6, Members of Congress are granted certain privileges. In no case, except in treason, felony, and breach of the peace, can Members be arrested while attending sessions of Congress "and in going to and returning from the same. . . ." Furthermore, the Members cannot be questioned in any other place for remarks made in Congress. Each House may expel a Member of its body by a two-thirds vote.

https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript#toc-section-6-

Enactment of Laws

In order to become law, all bills and joint resolutions, except those proposing a constitutional amendment, must pass both the House of Representatives and the Senate and either be signed by the President or be passed over the President's veto by a two-thirds vote of both Houses of Congress. Section 7 of Article I states: "If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law." When a bill or joint resolution is introduced in the House, the usual procedure for its enactment into law is as follows: assignment to House committee having jurisdiction; if favorably considered, it is reported to the House either in its original form or with recommended amendments; if the bill or resolution is passed by the House, it is messaged to the Senate and referred to the committee having jurisdiction; in the Senate committee the bill, if favorably considered, may be reported in the form as received from the House, or with recommended amendments; the approved bill or resolution is reported to the Senate, and if passed by that body, is returned to the House; if one body does not accept the amendments to a bill by the other body, a conference committee comprised of Members of both bodies is usually appointed to effect a compromise; when the bill or joint resolution is finally approved by both Houses, it is signed by the Speaker (or Speaker pro tempore) and the Vice President (or President pro tempore or acting President pro tempore) and is presented to the President; and once the President's signature is affixed, the measure becomes a law. If the President vetoes the bill, it cannot become a law unless it is re-passed by a two-thirds vote of both Houses.

The Senate

The Capitol, Washington, DC 20510

202-224-3121
http://www.senate.gov

Constitutionally Mandated Officers

Constitutionally Mandated Officers
President of the Senate / Vice President of the United StatesKamala D. Harris

President pro temporePatrick J. Leahy
http://www.senate.gov/senators/leadership.htm

Political Party Leaders

Political Party Leaders
Majority Leader—DemocratCharles E. Schumer

Minority Leader—RepublicanA. Mitchell McConnell
https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Majority_Minority_Leaders.htm#3

Senate-Elected Officers and Officials

Senate-Elected Officers and Officials
ChaplainBarry C. Black
ParliamentarianElizabeth C. MacDonough

SECRETARIES
for the MajorityGary B. Myrick
for the MinorityRobert M. Duncan
for the SenateSonceria Berry

Sergeant at ArmsJennifer A. Hemingway, Acting
https://www.senate.gov/history/officers.htm

The above list of key personnel was updated 3–2021.

Organizational Chart

Overview

The Senate comprises 100 Members, 2 from each State. Senators are elected to serve for a term of 6 years. There are three classes of Senators, and a new class is elected every 2 years. Senators were originally chosen by the State legislatures. The 17th amendment, which became part of the Constitution in 1913, made their election a function of the people.

A Senator must be a resident of the State that he or she represents. A Senator also must be at least 30 years of age and have been a U.S. citizen for at least 9 years.

Officers

The Vice President of the United States is the Presiding Officer of the Senate. In the Vice President's absence, the duties are taken over by a President pro tempore, elected by that body, or someone designated by the President pro tempore.

The positions of Senate Majority and Minority Leader have been in existence only since the early years of the 20th century. Leaders are elected at the beginning of each new Congress by a majority vote of the Senators in their political party. In cooperation with their party organizations, Leaders are responsible for the design and achievement of a legislative program. This involves managing the flow of legislation, expediting noncontroversial measures, and keeping Members informed regarding proposed action on pending business. Each Leader serves as an ex officio member of his party's policymaking and organizational bodies and is aided by an assistant floor leader (whip) and a party secretary.

The Secretary of the Senate, elected by vote of the Senate, performs the duties of the Presiding Officer of the Senate in the absence of the Vice President and pending the election of a President pro tempore. The Secretary is the custodian of the seal of the Senate, draws requisitions on the Secretary of the Treasury for moneys appropriated for the compensation of Senators, officers, and employees, and for the contingent expenses of the Senate, and is empowered to administer oaths to any officer of the Senate and to any witness produced before it. The Secretary's executive duties include certification of extracts from the Journal of the Senate; the attestation of bills and joint, concurrent, and Senate resolutions; in impeachment trials, issuance, under the authority of the Presiding Officer, of all orders, mandates, writs, and precepts authorized by the Senate; and certification to the President of the United States of the advice and consent of the Senate to ratification of treaties and the names of persons confirmed or rejected upon the nomination of the President.

The Sergeant at Arms, elected by vote of the Senate, serves as the executive, chief law enforcement, and protocol officer and is the principal administrative manager for most support services in the Senate. As executive officer, the Sergeant at Arms has custody of the Senate gavel; enforces Senate rules and regulations as they pertain to the Senate Chamber, the Senate wing of the Capitol, and the Senate office buildings; and subject to the Presiding Officer, maintains order on the Senate floor, Chamber, and galleries. As chief law enforcement officer of the Senate, the Sergeant at Arms is authorized to maintain security in the Capitol and all Senate buildings, as well as to protect Senators; to arrest and detain any person violating Senate rules; and to locate absentee Senators for a quorum. The Sergeant at Arms serves as a member of the Capitol Police Board and as its chairman each odd year. As protocol officer, the Sergeant at Arms escorts the President and other heads of state or official guests of the Senate who are attending official functions in the Capitol; makes arrangements for funerals of Senators who die in office; and assists in planning the inauguration of the President and organizing the swearing-in and orientation programs for newly elected Senators.

Committees

The work of preparing and considering legislation is done largely by committees of both Houses of Congress. There are 16 standing committees in the Senate. The standing committees of the Senate are shown in the list below. In addition, there are two select committees in each House and various congressional commissions and joint committees composed of Members of both Houses. Each House may also appoint special investigating committees. The membership of the standing committees of each House is chosen by a vote of the entire body; members of other committees are appointed under the provisions of the measure establishing them.

Each bill and resolution is usually referred to the appropriate committee, which may report a bill out in its original form, favorably or unfavorably, recommend amendments, report original measures, or allow the proposed legislation to die in committee without action.

http://www.senate.gov/general/common/generic/about_committees.htm
STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE SENATE
https://www.senate.gov/committees/membership_assignments.htm
Committee Chair Website
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Deborah A. Stabenow http://www.agriculture.senate.gov
Appropriations Patrick J. Leahy http://www.appropriations.senate.gov
Armed Services John F. Reed http://www.armed-services.senate.gov
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Sherrod C. Brown http://www.banking.senate.gov
Budget Bernard Sanders http://www.budget.senate.gov
Commerce, Science, and Transportation Maria E. Cantwell http://www.commerce.senate.gov
Energy and Natural Resources Joseph A. Manchin III https://www.energy.senate.gov
Environment and Public Works Thomas R. Carper https://www.epw.senate.gov
Finance Ronald L. Wyden https://www.finance.senate.gov
Foreign Relations Robert Menendez http://www.foreign.senate.gov
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Patricia L. Murray http://www.help.senate.gov
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Gary C. Peters https://www.hsgac.senate.gov
Indian Affairs Brian E. Schatz https://www.indian.senate.gov
Judiciary Richard J. Durbin https://www.judiciary.senate.gov
Rules and Administration Amy J. Klobuchar http://www.rules.senate.gov
Small Business and Entrepreneurship Benjamin L. Cardin http://www.sbc.senate.gov
Veterans' Affairs R. Jon Tester https://www.veterans.senate.gov
https://www.senate.gov/committees/committees_home.htm

The above list of committee chairs was updated 2–2021.

Special Powers

Under the Constitution, the Senate is granted certain powers not accorded to the House of Representatives. The Senate approves or disapproves certain Presidential appointments by majority vote, and treaties must be concurred in by a two-thirds vote.

List of U.S. Senators

Information on Senate.gov web pages may be more accurate and current.

https://www.senate.gov/senators/index.htmhttps://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm?OrderBy=state&Sort=ASC
STATE EXPIRATION OF TERM—PARTY AFFILIATION CONTACT INFORMATION
Alabama
Richard C. Shelby 2023—Republican http://www.shelby.senate.gov
Thomas H. Tuberville 2027—Republican https://www.tuberville.senate.gov
Alaska
Lisa A. Murkowski 2023—Republican https://www.murkowski.senate.gov
Daniel S. Sullivan 2027—Republican http://www.sullivan.senate.gov
Arizona
Mark E. Kelly 2023—Democrat https://www.kelly.senate.gov
Kyrsten Sinema 2025—Democrat https://www.sinema.senate.gov
Arkansas
John N. Boozman 2023—Republican https://www.boozman.senate.gov
Thomas B. Cotton 2027—Republican https://www.cotton.senate.gov
California
Dianne Feinstein 2025—Democrat http://www.feinstein.senate.gov
Alejandro Padilla 2023—Democrat https://www.padilla.senate.gov
Colorado
Michael F. Bennet 2023—Democrat https://www.bennet.senate.gov
John W. Hickenlooper 2027—Democrat https://www.hickenlooper.senate.gov
Connecticut
Richard L. Blumenthal 2023—Democrat https://www.blumenthal.senate.gov
Christopher S. Murphy 2025—Democrat https://www.murphy.senate.gov
Delaware
Thomas R. Carper 2025—Democrat https://www.carper.senate.gov
Christopher A. Coons 2027—Democrat https://www.coons.senate.gov
Florida
Marco A. Rubio 2023—Republican http://www.rubio.senate.gov
Richard L. Scott 2025—Republican https://www.rickscott.senate.gov
Georgia
T. Jonathan Ossoff 2027—Democrat https://www.ossoff.senate.gov
Raphael G. Warnock 2023—Democrat https://www.warnock.senate.gov
Hawaii
Mazie K. Hirono 2025—Democrat https://www.hirono.senate.gov
Brian E. Schatz 2023—Democrat http://www.schatz.senate.gov
Idaho
Michael D. Crapo 2023—Republican http://www.crapo.senate.gov
James E. Risch 2027—Republican http://www.risch.senate.gov
Illinois
L. Tammy Duckworth 2023—Democrat https://www.duckworth.senate.gov
Richard J. Durbin 2027—Democrat http://www.durbin.senate.gov
Indiana
Michael K. Braun 2025—Republican https://www.braun.senate.gov
Todd C. Young 2023—Republican https://www.young.senate.gov
Iowa
Joni K. Ernst 2027—Republican http://www.ernst.senate.gov
Charles E. Grassley 2023—Republican http://www.grassley.senate.gov
Kansas
Roger W. Marshall 2027—Republican https://www.marshall.senate.gov
Gerald W. Moran 2023—Republican http://www.moran.senate.gov
Kentucky
A. Mitchell McConnell 2027—Republican http://www.mcconnell.senate.gov
Randal H. Paul 2023—Republican https://www.paul.senate.gov
Louisiana
William M. Cassidy 2027—Republican http://www.cassidy.senate.gov
John N. Kennedy 2023—Republican https://www.kennedy.senate.gov
Maine
Susan M. Collins 2027—Republican https://www.collins.senate.gov
Angus S. King, Jr. 2025—Independent http://www.king.senate.gov
Maryland
Benjamin L. Cardin 2025—Democrat https://www.cardin.senate.gov
Christopher Van Hollen, Jr. 2023—Democrat https://www.vanhollen.senate.gov
Massachusetts
Edward J. Markey 2027—Democrat http://www.markey.senate.gov
Elizabeth A. Warren 2025—Democrat https://www.warren.senate.gov
Michigan
Gary C. Peters 2027—Democrat https://www.peters.senate.gov
Deborah A. Stabenow 2025—Democrat http://www.stabenow.senate.gov
Minnesota
Amy J. Klobuchar 2025—Democrat https://www.klobuchar.senate.gov
Tina F. Smith 2027—Democrat https://www.smith.senate.gov
Mississippi
Cindy Hyde-Smith 2027—Republican https://www.hydesmith.senate.gov
Roger F. Wicker 2025—Republican https://www.wicker.senate.gov
Missouri
Roy D. Blunt 2023—Republican http://www.blunt.senate.gov
Joshua D. Hawley 2025—Republican https://www.hawley.senate.gov/
Montana
Steven D. Daines 2027—Republican https://www.daines.senate.gov
R. Jon Tester 2025—Democrat http://www.tester.senate.gov
Nebraska
Debra S. Fischer 2025—Republican http://www.fischer.senate.gov
Benjamin E. Sasse 2027—Republican http://www.sasse.senate.gov
Nevada
Catherine Cortez Masto 2023—Democrat https://www.cortezmasto.senate.gov
Jacklyn S. Rosen 2025—Democrat http://www.rosen.senate.gov
New Hampshire
Margaret Wood Hassan 2023—Democrat https://www.hassan.senate.gov
C. Jeanne Shaheen 2027—Democrat https://www.shaheen.senate.gov
New Jersey
Cory A. Booker 2027—Democrat http://www.booker.senate.gov
Robert Menendez 2025—Democrat https://www.menendez.senate.gov
New Mexico
Martin T. Heinrich 2025—Democrat http://www.heinrich.senate.gov
Benjamin R. Luján 2027—Democrat https://www.lujan.senate.gov
New York
Kirsten E. Gillibrand 2025—Democrat https://www.gillibrand.senate.gov
Charles E. Schumer 2023—Democrat https://www.schumer.senate.gov
North Carolina
Richard M. Burr 2023—Republican http://www.burr.senate.gov
Thomas R. Tillis 2027—Republican https://www.tillis.senate.gov
North Dakota
Kevin Cramer 2025—Republican http://www.cramer.senate.gov
John H. Hoeven III 2023—Republican https://www.hoeven.senate.gov
Ohio
Sherrod C. Brown 2025—Democrat https://www.brown.senate.gov
Robert J. Portman 2023—Republican http://www.portman.senate.gov
Oklahoma
James M. Inhofe 2027—Republican http://www.inhofe.senate.gov
James Lankford 2023—Republican https://www.lankford.senate.gov
Oregon
Jeffrey A. Merkley 2027—Democrat https://www.merkley.senate.gov
Ronald L. Wyden 2023—Democrat https://www.wyden.senate.gov
Pennsylvania
Robert P. Casey, Jr. 2025—Democrat https://www.casey.senate.gov
Patrick J. Toomey 2023—Republican http://www.toomey.senate.gov
Rhode Island
John F. Reed 2027—Democrat https://www.reed.senate.gov
Sheldon Whitehouse 2025—Democrat https://www.whitehouse.senate.gov
South Carolina
Lindsey O. Graham 2027—Republican https://www.lgraham.senate.gov
Timothy E. Scott 2023—Republican https://www.scott.senate.gov
South Dakota
M. Michael Rounds 2027—Republican https://www.rounds.senate.gov
John R. Thune 2023—Republican https://www.thune.senate.gov
Tennessee
Marsha W. Blackburn 2025—Republican https://www.blackburn.senate.gov
William F. Hagerty IV 2027—Republican https://www.hagerty.senate.gov
Texas
John Cornyn III 2027—Republican https://www.cornyn.senate.gov
R. Edward Cruz 2025—Republican https://www.cruz.senate.gov
Utah
Michael S. Lee 2023—Republican https://www.lee.senate.gov
W. Milton Romney 2025—Republican http://www.romney.senate.gov
Vermont
Patrick J. Leahy 2023—Democrat https://www.leahy.senate.gov
Bernard Sanders 2025—Independent https://www.sanders.senate.gov
Virginia
Timothy M. Kaine 2025—Democrat http://www.kaine.senate.gov
Mark R. Warner 2027—Democrat http://www.warner.senate.gov
Washington
Maria E. Cantwell 2025—Democrat https://www.cantwell.senate.gov
Patricia L. Murray 2023—Democrat http://www.murray.senate.gov
West Virginia
Shelley Moore Capito 2027—Republican https://www.capito.senate.gov
Joseph A. Manchin III 2025—Democrat http://www.manchin.senate.gov
Wisconsin
Tammy S. Baldwin 2025—Democrat https://www.baldwin.senate.gov
Ronald H. Johnson 2023—Republican https://www.ronjohnson.senate.gov
Wyoming
John A. Barrasso III 2025—Republican https://www.barrasso.senate.gov
Cynthia M. Lummis 2027—Republican https://www.lummis.senate.gov

Information on Senate.gov may be more accurate and current.

* * *
THE ABOVE LIST OF 100 SENATORS WAS UPDATED 2–2021.
Republicans are 50; Democrats are 48; Independents are 2; and there are no vacancies.
https://www.senate.gov/senators/index.htm
https://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm?OrderBy=state&Sort=ASC

Sources of Information

Art

The Senate's collections of ephemera, decorative art, graphic art, paintings, and sculpture can be viewed online.

https://www.senate.gov/art/art_hist_home.htm | Email: curator@sec.senate.gov

Biographical Directory

The online "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774–Present," allows visitors to search for Members of Congress—past and present—by first or last name, political affiliation, position, State, or year or Congress.

http://bioguide.congress.gov/biosearch/biosearch.asp

Books by Senators

A bibliography of books that Senators who are currently serving in the U.S. Congress have written is available online.

https://www.senate.gov/senators/BooksWrittenbySittingSenators.htm

Campaign Finance

The Federal Election Commission maintains a campaign finance database that contains information on candidates, including senatorial candidates, who file reports with the Commission. Users of the online "Candidate and Committee Viewer" can sort data and download them. The data presentations consist of biennial summaries, report summaries, and report images and downloads.

http://www.fec.gov/finance/disclosure/candcmte_info.shtml?tabIndex=1

Campaign Websites

The Library of Congress maintains a database of "Archived Web Sites" that includes thousands of official campaign websites. Former senatorial candidates' websites are part of this collection.

https://www.loc.gov/websites

Career Opportunities

Information on fellowships, internships, and job openings is available online.

http://www.senate.gov/visiting/employment.htm

Chaplains of the Senate

Nine of the first ten Senate Chaplains were Episcopalian; one was Presbyterian. Based on a simple denominational count, the history of the Senate chaplaincy has been dominated by Episcopalians (19), Methodists (17), and Presbyterians (14). The total number of chaplains who have filled the office of Senate Chaplain to date is 62.

https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Senate_Chaplain.htm

Children's Books

Links to educational resources are available on the Senate's website.

https://www.senate.gov/reference/bibliography/kids/kids.shtml

Committees

Information on Senate committees is available online.

http://www.senate.gov/committees/committees_home.htm

Congressional Directory

Prepared by the Joint Committee on Printing, the "Congressional Directory" is the official directory of the U.S. Congress. The Directory contains a short biography of each Member of the Senate; committee memberships, terms of service, administrative assistants and secretaries, and room and telephone numbers for Senators; lists of court officials, military establishments, and other Federal departments and agencies, including District of Columbia government officials, governors of States and territories, foreign diplomats, and members of the press, radio, and television galleries.

https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/CDIR

Congressional Record

Starting with the year 1995, the official record of the proceedings and debates of the U.S. Congress is available on Congress.gov.

https://www.congress.gov/congressional-record

Starting with the year 1994, the official record of the proceedings and debates of the U.S. Congress is available on the Government Publishing Office's govinfo website.

https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/crec

Contact Information

The address for sending postal correspondence to a Senator or Senate committee is available online. Secretary of the Senate: Phone, 202-224-2115. U.S. Capitol switchboard: Phone, 202-224-3121.

https://www.senate.gov/general/contacting.htm

Phone numbers, postal addresses, and online forms are available for contacting a Senator.

http://www.senate.gov/senators/contact

An online list of States also provides web forms for contacting a Senator via email.

http://www.senate.gov/senators/states.htm

Glossary

A Senate glossary is available online.

http://www.senate.gov/reference/glossary.htm

History

The Senate Historical Office has told the history of the Senate, from the First Federal Congress of 1789 through the early 21st century; explained its traditions; described the individuals who served in its Chamber, and examined the major issues that confronted these national leaders.

http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/a_three_section_with_teasers/Explore_Senate_History.htm | Email: historian@sec.senate.gov

How To . . .

Many congressional and other Government documents are available online. The Senate's website has resources that explain how to find materials related to the Senate and the general legislative process.

https://www.senate.gov/reference/howto.htm

Legislation / Records

Research guides and resources are available online.

http://www.senate.gov/legislative/legislative_home.htm

Member Profiles

The "Members of the U.S. Congress" database contains profiles for Senators who have held office since 1973 or were still serving in the 93d Congress. Users of the database can filter profiles by chamber, Congress, political affiliation, and State or U.S. Territory. A Member profile includes the following: dates of service, State represented, party affiliation, and a picture when available, as well as a link to the Member's entry in the "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774–Present" and a link to remarks made in the "Congressional Record." A profile also includes the list of legislation that the Member sponsored and cosponsored.

https://www.congress.gov/members

Publications

The "Congressional Directory," the "Senate Manual," and telephone directory for the U.S. Senate are available from the Government Publishing Office's bookstore. Phone, 202-512-0132.

https://bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/congress-legislative-branch | Email: mainbks@gpo.gov

States Represented by Senators

The "States in the Senate" web page provides a short description of each State's history in the U.S. Senate.

http://www.senate.gov/states/statesmap.htm

Statistics / Lists

Statistics on and lists regarding a variety of topics—including cloture, nominations, roll call votes, Senate history, senators, and much more—are available online.

https://www.senate.gov/reference/stats_and_lists.htm

Websites

More information on legislation and the U.S. Senate is available on Congress.gov.

https://www.congress.gov

More information also is available on the Government Publishing Office's govinfo website.

https://www.govinfo.gov

The above Sources of Information for the Senate were updated 2–2021.

The House of Representatives

The Capitol, Washington, DC 20515

202-225-3121
http://www.house.gov

CONSTITUTIONALLY MANDATED OFFICER

CONSTITUTIONALLY MANDATED OFFICER
Speaker of the HouseNancy P. Pelosi
https://www.speaker.gov

POLITICAL PARTY LEADERS

POLITICAL PARTY LEADERS
Majority LeaderSteny H. Hoyer
Minority LeaderKevin O. McCarthy
https://www.house.gov/leadership

Appointed Officials

Appointed Officials
General CounselDouglas N. Letter
HistorianMatthew A. Wasniewski
Inspector GeneralMichael Ptasienski
ParliamentarianJason A. Smith
https://history.house.gov/People/Appointed-Officials/Appointed-Officials/

Elected Officers

Elected Officers
ChaplainMargaret G. Kibben
Chief Administrative OfficerCatherine L. Szpindor
ClerkCheryl L. Johnson
Sergeant at ArmsTimothy P. Blodgett
https://www.house.gov/the-house-explained/officers-and-organizations

The above list of key personnel was updated 3–2021.

Overview

The House of Representatives comprises 435 Representatives. The number representing each State is determined by population, but every State is entitled to at least one Representative. Members are elected by the people for 2-year terms, all terms running for the same period. Representatives must be residents of the State from which they are chosen. In addition, a Representative must be at least 25 years of age and must have been a citizen for at least 7 years.

A Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico (elected for a 4-year term) and Delegates from American Samoa, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Virgin Islands complete the composition of the Congress of the United States. Delegates are elected for a term of 2 years. The Resident Commissioner and Delegates may take part in the floor discussions, but have no vote in the full House. They do, however, vote in the committees to which they are assigned.

Officers

The Presiding Officer of the House of Representatives, the Speaker, is elected by the House. The Speaker may designate any Member of the House to act in the Speaker's absence.

The House leadership is structured essentially the same as the Senate, with the Members in the political parties responsible for the election of their respective leader and whips.

The elected officers of the House of Representatives include the Clerk, the Sergeant at Arms, the Chief Administrative Officer, and the Chaplain.

The Clerk is custodian of the seal of the House and administers the primary legislative activities of the House. These duties include accepting the credentials of the Members-elect and calling the Members to order at the commencement of the first session of each Congress; keeping the Journal; taking all votes and certifying the passage of bills; and processing all legislation. Through various departments, the Clerk is also responsible for floor and committee reporting services; legislative information and reference services; the administration of House reports pursuant to House rules and certain legislation including the Ethics in Government Act and the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995; and the distribution of House documents. The Clerk is also charged with supervision of the offices vacated by Members due to death, resignation, or expulsion.

The Sergeant at Arms maintains the order of the House under the direction of the Speaker and is the keeper of the Mace. As a member of the U.S. Capitol Police Board, the Sergeant at Arms is the chief law enforcement officer for the House and serves as Board Chairman each even year. The ceremonial and protocol duties parallel those of the Senate Sergeant at Arms and include arranging the inauguration of the President of the United States, Joint Sessions of Congress, visits to the House of heads of state, and funerals of Members of Congress. The Sergeant at Arms enforces the rules relating to the privileges of the Hall of the House, including admission to the galleries, oversees garage and parking security of the House, and distributes all House staff identification cards.

Committees

The work of preparing and considering legislation is done largely by committees of both Houses of Congress. There are 19 standing committees in the House of Representatives. The standing committees of the House of Representatives are shown in the list below. In addition, there are two select committees in the House and various congressional commissions and joint committees composed of Members of both Houses. Each House may also appoint special investigating committees. The membership of the standing committees of each House is chosen by a vote of the entire body; members of other committees are appointed under the provisions of the measure establishing them.

Each bill and resolution is usually referred to the appropriate committee, which may report a bill out in its original form, favorably or unfavorably, recommend amendments, report original measures, or allow the proposed legislation to die in committee without action.

STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
https://clerk.house.gov/committees
Committee Chair Website
Agriculture David A. Scott http://agriculture.house.gov
Appropriations Rosa L. DeLauro http://appropriations.house.gov
Armed Services D. Adam Smith https://armedservices.house.gov
Budget John A. Yarmuth http://budget.house.gov
Education and Labor Robert C. Scott https://edlabor.house.gov
Energy and Commerce Frank J. Pallone, Jr. https://energycommerce.house.gov
Ethics Theodore E. Deutch http://ethics.house.gov
Financial Services Maxine M. Waters http://financialservices.house.gov
Foreign Affairs Gregory W. Meeks https://foreignaffairs.house.gov
Homeland Security Bennie G. Thompson https://homeland.house.gov
House Administration Zoe Lofgren https://cha.house.gov
Judiciary Jerrold L. Nadler https://judiciary.house.gov
Natural Resources Raúl M. Grijalva http://naturalresources.house.gov
Oversight and Reform Carolyn B. Maloney https://oversight.house.gov
Rules James P. McGovern https://rules.house.gov
Science, Space, and Technology Eddie B. Johnson https://science.house.gov
Small Business Nydia M. Velázquez http://smallbusiness.house.gov
Transportation and Infrastructure Peter A. DeFazio http://transportation.house.gov
Veterans' Affairs Mark A. Takano https://veterans.house.gov
Ways and Means Richard E. Neal https://waysandmeans.house.gov
https://www.house.gov/committees

The above list of committee chairs was updated 2–2021.

Special Powers

The House of Representatives is granted the power of originating all bills for the raising of revenue. Both Houses of Congress act in impeachment proceedings, which, according to the Constitution, may be instituted against the President, Vice President, and all civil officers of the United States. The House of Representatives has the sole power of impeachment, and the Senate has the sole power to try impeachments.

List of U.S. Representatives

Information on House.gov may be more accurate and current.

https://www.house.gov/representatives

Information on the Office of the Clerk's website may be more accurate and current.

https://clerkpreview.house.gov/Members#MemberProfiles
STATE / DISTRICT DISTRICT—PARTY AFFILIATION CONTACT INFORMATION
Alabama
Jerry L. Carl, Jr. 01—Republican https://carl.house.gov
F. Barry Moore 02—Republican https://barrymoore.house.gov
Michael D. Rogers 03—Republican https://mikerogers.house.gov
Robert B. Aderholt 04—Republican https://aderholt.house.gov
Morris J. Brooks, Jr. 05—Republican https://brooks.house.gov
Gary J. Palmer 06—Republican https://palmer.house.gov
Terrycina A. Sewell 07—Democrat https://sewell.house.gov
Alaska
Donald E. Young At Large—Republican http://donyoung.house.gov
American Samoa
Amata Coleman Radewagen Delegate—Republican https://radewagen.house.gov
Arizona
Thomas C. O'Halleran 01—Democrat https://ohalleran.house.gov
Ann L. Kirkpatrick 02—Democrat https://kirkpatrick.house.gov
Raúl M. Grijalva 03—Democrat https://grijalva.house.gov
Paul A. Gosar 04—Republican http://gosar.house.gov
Andrew S. Biggs 05—Republican https://biggs.house.gov
David Schweikert 06—Republican https://schweikert.house.gov
Ruben M. Gallego 07—Democrat https://rubengallego.house.gov
Debra Kay Lesko 08—Republican https://lesko.house.gov
Gregory J. Stanton 09—Democrat https://stanton.house.gov
Arkansas
Eric A. Crawford 01—Republican https://crawford.house.gov
J. French Hill 02—Republican https://hill.house.gov
Stephen A. Womack 03—Republican https://womack.house.gov
Bruce E. Westerman 04—Republican https://westerman.house.gov
California
Douglas L. LaMalfa 01—Republican http://lamalfa.house.gov
Jared W. Huffman 02—Democrat https://huffman.house.gov
John R. Garamendi 03—Democrat https://garamendi.house.gov
Thomas M. McClintock 04—Republican https://mcclintock.house.gov
Michael C. Thompson 05—Democrat https://mikethompson.house.gov
Doris O. Matsui 06—Democrat https://matsui.house.gov
Amerish B. Bera 07—Democrat https://bera.house.gov
Jay P. Obernolte 08—Republican https://obernolte.house.gov
Gerald M. McNerney 09—Democrat https://mcnerney.house.gov
Joshua K. Harder 10—Democrat https://harder.house.gov
Mark J. DeSaulnier 11—Democrat https://desaulnier.house.gov
Nancy P. Pelosi 12—Democrat https://pelosi.house.gov
Barbara J. Lee 13—Democrat https://lee.house.gov
K. Jacqueline Speier 14—Democrat https://speier.house.gov
Eric M. Swalwell 15—Democrat https://swalwell.house.gov
James M. Costa 16—Democrat https://costa.house.gov
Ro Khanna 17—Democrat https://khanna.house.gov
Anna G. Eshoo 18—Democrat https://eshoo.house.gov
Zoe Lofgren 19—Democrat https://lofgren.house.gov
James V. Panetta 20—Democrat https://panetta.house.gov
David G. Valadao 21—Republican https://valadao.house.gov
Devin G. Nunes 22—Republican https://nunes.house.gov
Kevin O. McCarthy 23—Republican https://kevinmccarthy.house.gov
Salud O. Carbajal 24—Democrat https://carbajal.house.gov
Michael Garcia 25—Republican https://mikegarcia.house.gov
Julia A. Brownley 26—Democrat https://juliabrownley.house.gov
Judy M. Chu 27—Democrat https://chu.house.gov
Adam B. Schiff 28—Democrat https://schiff.house.gov
Antonio Cárdenas 29—Democrat https://cardenas.house.gov
Bradley J. Sherman 30—Democrat https://sherman.house.gov
Peter R. Aguilar 31—Democrat https://aguilar.house.gov
Grace F. Napolitano 32—Democrat https://napolitano.house.gov
Ted W. Lieu 33—Democrat https://lieu.house.gov
Jimmy Gomez 34—Democrat https://gomez.house.gov
Norma J. Torres 35—Democrat https://torres.house.gov
Raul Ruiz 36—Democrat https://ruiz.house.gov
Karen R. Bass 37—Democrat https://bass.house.gov
Linda T. Sánchez 38—Democrat https://lindasanchez.house.gov
Young Kim 39—Republican https://youngkim.house.gov
Lucille Roybal-Allard 40—Democrat https://roybal-allard.house.gov
Mark A. Takano 41—Democrat https://takano.house.gov
Kenneth S. Calvert 42—Republican http://calvert.house.gov
Maxine M. Waters 43—Democrat https://waters.house.gov
Nanette Diaz Barragán 44—Democrat https://barragan.house.gov
Katherine M. Porter 45—Democrat https://porter.house.gov
J. Luis Correa 46—Democrat https://correa.house.gov
Alan S. Lowenthal 47—Democrat http://lowenthal.house.gov
Michelle Steel 48—Republican https://steel.house.gov
Michael T. Levin 49—Democrat https://mikelevin.house.gov
Darrell Issa 50—Republican https://issa.house.gov
Juan C. Vargas 51—Democrat http://vargas.house.gov
Scott H. Peters 52—Democrat http://scottpeters.house.gov
Sara Jacobs 53—Democrat https://sarajacobs.house.gov
Colorado
Diana L. DeGette 01—Democrat http://degette.house.gov
Joseph D. Neguse 02—Democrat https://neguse.house.gov
Lauren Boebert 03—Republican https://boebert.house.gov
Kenneth R. Buck 04—Republican https://buck.house.gov
Douglas L. Lamborn 05—Republican http://lamborn.house.gov
Jason A. Crow 06—Democrat https://crow.house.gov
Edwin G. Perlmutter 07—Democrat https://perlmutter.house.gov
Connecticut
John B. Larson 01—Democrat https://larson.house.gov
Joseph D. Courtney 02—Democrat https://courtney.house.gov
Rosa L. DeLauro 03—Democrat https://delauro.house.gov
James A. Himes 04—Democrat https://himes.house.gov
Jahana F. Hayes 05—Democrat https://hayes.house.gov
Delaware
Lisa Blunt Rochester At Large—Democrat https://bluntrochester.house.gov
District of Columbia
Eleanor Holmes Norton Delegate—Democrat https://norton.house.gov
Florida
Matthew L. Gaetz II 01—Republican https://gaetz.house.gov
Neal P. Dunn 02—Republican https://dunn.house.gov
Kathryn Cammack 03—Republican https://cammack.house.gov
John H. Rutherford 04—Republican https://rutherford.house.gov
Alfred J. Lawson, Jr. 05—Democrat https://lawson.house.gov
Michael G. Waltz 06—Republican https://waltz.house.gov
Stephanie N. Murphy 07—Democrat https://stephaniemurphy.house.gov
William J. Posey 08—Republican http://posey.house.gov
Darren M. Soto 09—Democrat https://soto.house.gov
Valdez Butler Demings 10—Democrat https://demings.house.gov
Daniel A. Webster 11—Republican http://webster.house.gov
Gus M. Bilirakis 12—Republican https://bilirakis.house.gov
Charlie J. Crist, Jr. 13—Democrat https://crist.house.gov
Katherine A. Castor 14—Democrat http://castor.house.gov
C. Scott Franklin 15—Republican https://franklin.house.gov
Vernon G. Buchanan 16—Republican https://buchanan.house.gov
W. Gregory Steube 17—Republican https://steube.house.gov
Brian J. Mast 18—Republican https://mast.house.gov
Byron Donalds 19—Republican https://donalds.house.gov
Alcee L. Hastings 20—Democrat http://alceehastings.house.gov
Lois J. Frankel 21—Democrat http://frankel.house.gov
Theodore E. Deutch 22—Democrat http://teddeutch.house.gov
Deborah Wasserman Schultz 23—Democrat https://wassermanschultz.house.gov
Frederica S. Wilson 24—Democrat https://wilson.house.gov
Mario R. Díaz-Balart 25—Republican http://mariodiazbalart.house.gov
Carlos A. Gimenez 26—Republican https://gimenez.house.gov
Maria E. Salazar 27—Republican https://salazar.house.gov
Georgia
Earl L. Carter 01—Republican http://buddycarter.house.gov
Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. 02—Democrat http://bishop.house.gov
A. Drew Ferguson IV 03—Republican https://ferguson.house.gov
Henry C. Johnson, Jr. 04—Democrat https://hankjohnson.house.gov
Nikema Williams 05—Democrat https://nikemawilliams.house.gov
Lucia K. McBath 06—Democrat https://mcbath.house.gov
Carolyn Bourdeaux 07—Democrat https://bourdeaux.house.gov
J. Austin Scott 08—Republican https://austinscott.house.gov
Andrew S. Clyde 09—Republican https://clyde.house.gov
Jody B. Hice 10—Republican https://hice.house.gov
Barry D. Loudermilk 11—Republican http://loudermilk.house.gov
Richard W. Allen 12—Republican http://allen.house.gov
David A. Scott 13—Democrat http://davidscott.house.gov
Marjorie T. Greene 14—Republican https://greene.house.gov
Guam
Michael F.Q. San Nicolas Delegate—Democrat https://sannicolas.house.gov
Hawaii
Edward E. Case 01—Democrat https://case.house.gov
Kaialiʻi Kahele 02—Democrat https://kahele.house.gov
Idaho
Russell M. Fulcher 01—Republican https://fulcher.house.gov
Michael K. Simpson 02—Republican http://simpson.house.gov
Illinois
Bobby L. Rush 01—Democrat http://rush.house.gov
Robin L. Kelly 02—Democrat https://robinkelly.house.gov
Marie Newman 03—Democrat https://newman.house.gov
Jesús G. García 04—Democrat https://chuygarcia.house.gov
Michael B. Quigley 05—Democrat https://quigley.house.gov
Sean T. Casten 06—Democrat https://casten.house.gov
Danny K. Davis 07—Democrat https://davis.house.gov
S. Raja Krishnamoorthi 08—Democrat https://krishnamoorthi.house.gov
Janice D. Schakowsky 09—Democrat https://schakowsky.house.gov
Bradley S. Schneider 10—Democrat https://schneider.house.gov
William G. Foster 11—Democrat http://foster.house.gov
Michael J. Bost 12—Republican https://bost.house.gov
Rodney L. Davis 13—Republican http://rodneydavis.house.gov
Lauren Underwood 14—Democrat https://underwood.house.gov
Mary E. Miller 15—Republican https://marymiller.house.gov
Adam D. Kinzinger 16—Republican http://kinzinger.house.gov
Cheryl C. Bustos 17—Democrat https://bustos.house.gov
Darin M. LaHood 18—Republican https://lahood.house.gov
Indiana
Frank J. Mrvan 01—Democrat https://mrvan.house.gov
Jacqueline S. Walorski 02—Republican http://walorski.house.gov
James E. Banks 03—Republican https://banks.house.gov
James R. Baird 04—Republican https://baird.house.gov
Victoria Spartz 05—Republican https://spartz.house.gov
Gregory J. Pence 06—Republican https://pence.house.gov
André D. Carson 07—Democrat http://carson.house.gov
Larry D. Bucshon 08—Republican https://bucshon.house.gov
Joseph A. Hollingsworth III 09—Republican https://hollingsworth.house.gov
Iowa
Ashley E. Hinson 01—Republican https://hinson.house.gov
Mariannette J. Miller-Meeks 02—Republican https://millermeeks.house.gov
Cynthia L. Axne 03—Democrat https://axne.house.gov
Randall L. Feenstra 04—Republican https://feenstra.house.gov
Kansas
Tracey R. Mann 01—Republican https://mann.house.gov
Jacob A.J. LaTurner 02—Republican https://laturner.house.gov
Sharice L. Davids 03—Democrat https://davids.house.gov
Ronald G. Estes 04—Republican https://estes.house.gov
Kentucky
James R. Comer 01—Republican https://comer.house.gov
S. Brett Guthrie 02—Republican https://guthrie.house.gov
John A. Yarmuth 03—Democrat https://yarmuth.house.gov
Thomas H. Massie 04—Republican https://massie.house.gov
Harold D. Rogers 05—Republican https://halrogers.house.gov
Garland H. Barr IV 06—Republican https://barr.house.gov
Louisiana
Stephen J. Scalise 01—Republican http://scalise.house.gov
(vacancy) 02— https://
G. Clay Higgins 03—Republican https://clayhiggins.house.gov
J. Michael Johnson 04—Republican https://mikejohnson.house.gov
(Julia Letlow—Representative-elect) 05—Republican https://
Garret N. Graves 06—Republican https://garretgraves.house.gov
Maine
Chellie M. Pingree 01—Democrat https://pingree.house.gov
Jared F. Golden 02—Democrat https://golden.house.gov
Maryland
Andrew P. Harris 01—Republican http://harris.house.gov
C.A. Dutch Ruppersberger 02—Democrat http://ruppersberger.house.gov
John P. Sarbanes 03—Democrat https://sarbanes.house.gov
Anthony G. Brown 04—Democrat https://anthonybrown.house.gov
Steny H. Hoyer 05—Democrat https://hoyer.house.gov
David J. Trone 06—Democrat https://trone.house.gov
Kweisi Mfume 07—Democrat https://mfume.house.gov
Jamin B. Raskin 08—Democrat https://raskin.house.gov
Massachusetts
Richard E. Neal 01—Democrat https://neal.house.gov
James P. McGovern 02—Democrat http://mcgovern.house.gov
Lori L. Trahan 03—Democrat https://trahan.house.gov
Jacob D. Auchincloss 04—Democrat https://auchincloss.house.gov
Katherine M. Clark 05—Democrat https://katherineclark.house.gov
Seth W. Moulton 06—Democrat http://moulton.house.gov
Ayanna S. Pressley 07—Democrat https://pressley.house.gov
Stephen F. Lynch 08—Democrat http://lynch.house.gov
William R. Keating 09—Democrat https://keating.house.gov
Michigan
John W. Bergman 01—Republican https://bergman.house.gov
William P. Huizenga 02—Republican http://huizenga.house.gov
Peter J. Meijer 03—Republican https://meijer.house.gov
John R. Moolenaar 04—Republican https://moolenaar.house.gov
Daniel T. Kildee 05—Democrat http://dankildee.house.gov
Frederick S. Upton 06—Republican http://upton.house.gov
Timothy L. Walberg 07—Republican http://walberg.house.gov
Elissa B. Slotkin 08—Democrat https://slotkin.house.gov
Andrew S. Levin 09—Democrat https://andylevin.house.gov
Lisa C. McClain 10—Republican https://mcclain.house.gov
Haley M. Stevens 11—Democrat https://stevens.house.gov
Deborah A. Dingell 12—Democrat https://debbiedingell.house.gov
Rashida H. Tlaib 13—Democrat https://tlaib.house.gov
Brenda L. Lawrence 14—Democrat https://lawrence.house.gov
Minnesota
James L. Hagedorn 01—Republican https://hagedorn.house.gov
Angela D. Craig 02—Democrat https://craig.house.gov
Dean B. Phillips 03—Democrat https://phillips.house.gov
Betty L. McCollum 04—Democrat http://mccollum.house.gov
Ilhan A. Omar 05—Democrat https://omar.house.gov
Thomas E. Emmer, Jr. 06—Republican https://emmer.house.gov
Michelle L. Fischbach 07—Republican https://fischbach.house.gov
Peter A. Stauber 08—Republican https://stauber.house.gov
Mississippi
J. Trent Kelly 01—Republican https://trentkelly.house.gov
Bennie G. Thompson 02—Democrat https://benniethompson.house.gov
Michael P. Guest 03—Republican https://guest.house.gov
Steven M. Palazzo 04—Republican http://palazzo.house.gov
Missouri
Cori A. Bush 01—Democrat https://bush.house.gov
Ann L. Wagner 02—Republican http://wagner.house.gov
W. Blaine Luetkemeyer 03—Republican http://luetkemeyer.house.gov
Vicky J. Hartzler 04—Republican https://hartzler.house.gov
Emanuel Cleaver II 05—Democrat http://cleaver.house.gov
Samuel B. Graves, Jr. 06—Republican https://graves.house.gov
William H. Long 07—Republican https://long.house.gov
Jason T. Smith 08—Republican https://jasonsmith.house.gov
Montana
Matthew M. Rosendale, Sr. At Large—Republican https://rosendale.house.gov
Nebraska
Jeffrey L. Fortenberry 01—Republican https://fortenberry.house.gov
Donald J. Bacon 02—Republican https://bacon.house.gov
Adrian M. Smith 03—Republican http://adriansmith.house.gov
Nevada
A. Costandina Titus 01—Democrat https://titus.house.gov
Mark E. Amodei 02—Republican https://amodei.house.gov
Suzanne K. Lee 03—Democrat https://susielee.house.gov
Steven A. Horsford 04—Democrat https://horsford.house.gov
New Hampshire
Christopher C. Pappas 01—Democrat https://pappas.house.gov
Ann McLane Kuster 02—Democrat http://kuster.house.gov
New Jersey
Donald W. Norcross 01—Democrat https://norcross.house.gov
Jefferson H. Van Drew 02—Republican https://vandrew.house.gov
Andrew Kim 03—Democrat https://kim.house.gov
Christopher H. Smith 04—Republican http://chrissmith.house.gov
Joshua S. Gottheimer 05—Democrat https://gottheimer.house.gov
Frank J. Pallone, Jr. 06—Democrat https://pallone.house.gov
Tomasz P. Malinowski 07—Democrat https://malinowski.house.gov
Albio B. Sires 08—Democrat https://sires.house.gov
William J. Pascrell, Jr. 09—Democrat http://pascrell.house.gov
Donald M. Payne, Jr. 10—Democrat http://payne.house.gov
R. Michelle Sherrill 11—Democrat https://sherrill.house.gov
Bonnie Watson Coleman 12—Democrat https://watsoncoleman.house.gov
New Mexico
(vacancy) 01— https://
S. Yvette Herrell 02—Republican https://herrell.house.gov
Teresa I. Leger Fernandez 03—Democrat https://fernandez.house.gov
New York
Lee M. Zeldin 01—Republican https://zeldin.house.gov
Andrew R. Garbarino 02—Republican https://garbarino.house.gov
Thomas R. Suozzi 03—Democrat https://suozzi.house.gov
Kathleen M. Rice 04—Democrat http://kathleenrice.house.gov
Gregory W. Meeks 05—Democrat http://meeks.house.gov
Grace Meng 06—Democrat http://meng.house.gov
Nydia M. Velázquez 07—Democrat https://velazquez.house.gov
Hakeem S. Jeffries 08—Democrat http://jeffries.house.gov
Yvette D. Clarke 09—Democrat https://clarke.house.gov
Jerrold L. Nadler 10—Democrat http://nadler.house.gov
Nicole Malliotakis 11—Republican https://malliotakis.house.gov
Carolyn B. Maloney 12—Democrat http://maloney.house.gov
Adriano D. Espaillat 13—Democrat https://espaillat.house.gov
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez 14—Democrat https://ocasio-cortez.house.gov
Ritchie J. Torres 15—Democrat https://ritchietorres.house.gov
Jamaal Bowman 16—Democrat https://bowman.house.gov
Mondaire Jones 17—Democrat https://jones.house.gov
Sean P. Maloney 18—Democrat http://seanmaloney.house.gov
Antonio Delgado 19—Democrat https://delgado.house.gov
Paul D. Tonko 20—Democrat https://tonko.house.gov
Elise M. Stefanik 21—Republican https://stefanik.house.gov
Claudia Tenney 22—Republican https://tenney.house.gov
Thomas W. Reed II 23—Republican https://reed.house.gov
John M. Katko 24—Republican https://katko.house.gov
Joseph D. Morelle 25—Democrat https://morelle.house.gov
Brian M. Higgins 26—Democrat http://higgins.house.gov
Christopher L. Jacobs 27—Republican https://jacobs.house.gov
North Carolina
George K. Butterfield 01—Democrat http://butterfield.house.gov
Deborah K. Ross 02—Democrat https://ross.house.gov
Gregory F. Murphy 03—Republican https://gregmurphy.house.gov
David E. Price 04—Democrat https://price.house.gov
Virginia A. Foxx 05—Republican http://foxx.house.gov
Kathy A. Manning 06—Democrat https://manning.house.gov
David C. Rouzer 07—Republican https://rouzer.house.gov
Richard L. Hudson, Jr. 08—Republican https://hudson.house.gov
J. Daniel Bishop 09—Republican https://danbishop.house.gov
Patrick T. McHenry 10—Republican http://mchenry.house.gov
D. Madison Cawthorn 11—Republican https://cawthorn.house.gov
Alma S. Adams 12—Democrat http://adams.house.gov
Theodore P. Budd 13—Republican https://budd.house.gov
North Dakota
Kelly Armstrong At Large—Republican https://armstrong.house.gov
Northern Mariana Islands
Gregorio K.C. Sablan Delegate—Democrat http://sablan.house.gov
Ohio
Steven J. Chabot 01—Republican http://chabot.house.gov
Brad R. Wenstrup 02—Republican http://wenstrup.house.gov
Joyce B. Beatty 03—Democrat http://beatty.house.gov
James D. Jordan 04—Republican http://jordan.house.gov
Robert E. Latta 05—Republican http://latta.house.gov
William L. Johnson 06—Republican http://billjohnson.house.gov
Robert B. Gibbs 07—Republican https://gibbs.house.gov
Warren E. Davidson 08—Republican https://davidson.house.gov
Marcia C. Kaptur 09—Democrat https://kaptur.house.gov
Michael R. Turner 10—Republican https://turner.house.gov
(vacancy) 11— https://
W. Troy Balderson 12—Republican https://balderson.house.gov
Timothy J. Ryan 13—Democrat http://timryan.house.gov
David P. Joyce 14—Republican https://joyce.house.gov
Steven E. Stivers 15—Republican http://stivers.house.gov
Anthony Gonzalez 16—Republican https://anthonygonzalez.house.gov
Oklahoma
Kevin R. Hern 01—Republican https://hern.house.gov
Markwayne Mullin 02—Republican http://mullin.house.gov
Frank D. Lucas 03—Republican http://lucas.house.gov
Thomas J. Cole 04—Republican https://cole.house.gov
Stephanie I. Bice 05—Republican https://bice.house.gov
Oregon
Suzanne M. Bonamici 01—Democrat http://bonamici.house.gov
Cliff S. Bentz 02—Republican https://bentz.house.gov
Earl Blumenauer 03—Democrat https://blumenauer.house.gov
Peter A. DeFazio 04—Democrat http://defazio.house.gov
W. Kurt Schrader 05—Democrat http://schrader.house.gov
Pennsylvania
Brian K. Fitzpatrick 01—Republican https://fitzpatrick.house.gov
Brendan F. Boyle 02—Democrat https://boyle.house.gov
Dwight E. Evans 03—Democrat https://evans.house.gov
Madeleine C. Dean 04—Democrat https://dean.house.gov
Mary Gay Scanlon 05—Democrat https://scanlon.house.gov
Christina J. Houlahan 06—Democrat https://houlahan.house.gov
Susan E. Wild 07—Democrat https://wild.house.gov
Matthew A. Cartwright 08—Democrat https://cartwright.house.gov
Daniel P. Meuser 09—Republican https://meuser.house.gov
Scott G. Perry 10—Republican https://perry.house.gov
Lloyd K. Smucker 11—Republican https://smucker.house.gov
Frederick B. Keller 12—Republican https://keller.house.gov
John P. Joyce 13—Republican https://johnjoyce.house.gov
Guy L. Reschenthaler 14—Republican https://reschenthaler.house.gov
Glenn W. Thompson 15—Republican https://thompson.house.gov
George J. Kelly, Jr. 16—Republican https://kelly.house.gov
Conor J. Lamb 17—Democrat https://lamb.house.gov
Michael F. Doyle 18—Democrat https://doyle.house.gov
Puerto Rico
Jenniffer A. González-Colón Resident Commissioner—Republican https://gonzalez-colon.house.gov
Rhode Island
David N. Cicilline 01—Democrat http://cicilline.house.gov
James R. Langevin 02—Democrat http://langevin.house.gov
South Carolina
Nancy R. Mace 01—Republican https://mace.house.gov
Addison G. Wilson 02—Republican http://joewilson.house.gov
Jeffrey D. Duncan 03—Republican http://jeffduncan.house.gov
William R. Timmons 04—Republican https://timmons.house.gov
Ralph W. Norman, Jr. 05—Republican https://norman.house.gov
James E. Clyburn 06—Democrat http://clyburn.house.gov
H. Thompson Rice, Jr. 07—Republican http://rice.house.gov
South Dakota
Dustin M. Johnson At Large—Republican https://dustyjohnson.house.gov
Tennessee
Diana L. Harshbarger 01—Republican https://harshbarger.house.gov
Timothy F. Burchett 02—Republican https://burchett.house.gov
Charles J. Fleischmann 03—Republican http://fleischmann.house.gov
Scott E. DesJarlais 04—Republican https://desjarlais.house.gov
James H.S. Cooper 05—Democrat http://cooper.house.gov
John W. Rose 06—Republican https://johnrose.house.gov
Mark E. Green 07—Republican https://markgreen.house.gov
David F. Kustoff 08—Republican https://kustoff.house.gov
Stephen I. Cohen 09—Democrat https://cohen.house.gov
Texas
Louis B. Gohmert, Jr. 01—Republican https://gohmert.house.gov
Daniel R. Crenshaw 02—Republican https://crenshaw.house.gov
N. Vancampen Taylor 03—Republican https://vantaylor.house.gov
Patrick E. Fallon 04—Republican https://fallon.house.gov
Lance Gooden 05—Republican https://gooden.house.gov
(vacancy) 06— —
Elizabeth P. Fletcher 07—Democrat https://fletcher.house.gov
Kevin P. Brady 08—Republican http://kevinbrady.house.gov
Alexander N. Green 09—Democrat http://algreen.house.gov
Michael T. McCaul 10—Republican http://mccaul.house.gov
August L. Pfluger 11—Republican https://pfluger.house.gov
Kay M. Granger 12—Republican http://kaygranger.house.gov
Ronny L. Jackson 13—Republican https://jackson.house.gov
Randy K. Weber, Sr. 14—Republican http://weber.house.gov
Vicente Gonzalez 15—Democrat https://gonzalez.house.gov
Veronica Escobar 16—Democrat https://escobar.house.gov
Peter A. Sessions 17—Republican https://sessions.house.gov
Sheila Jackson Lee 18—Democrat http://jacksonlee.house.gov
Jodey Cook Arrington 19—Republican https://arrington.house.gov
Joaquin Castro 20—Democrat https://castro.house.gov
Charles E. Roy 21—Republican https://roy.house.gov
Troy E. Nehls 22—Republican https://nehls.house.gov
E. Anthony Gonzalez 23—Republican https://gonzales.house.gov
Elizabeth A. Van Duyne 24—Republican https://vanduyne.house.gov
J. Roger Williams 25—Republican http://williams.house.gov
Michael C. Burgess 26—Republican http://burgess.house.gov
Michael J. Cloud 27—Republican https://cloud.house.gov
Enrique R. Cuellar 28—Democrat http://cuellar.house.gov
Sylvia R. Garcia 29—Democrat https://sylviagarcia.house.gov
Eddie B. Johnson 30—Democrat http://ebjohnson.house.gov
John R. Carter 31—Republican https://carter.house.gov
Colin Z. Allred 32—Democrat https://allred.house.gov
Marc A. Veasey 33—Democrat http://veasey.house.gov
Filemón B. Vela, Jr. 34—Democrat https://vela.house.gov
Lloyd A. Doggett II 35—Democrat https://doggett.house.gov
Brian Babin 36—Republican http://babin.house.gov
Utah
Blake D. Moore 01—Republican https://blakemoore.house.gov
Christopher D. Stewart 02—Republican http://stewart.house.gov
John R. Curtis 03—Republican https://curtis.house.gov
C. Burgess Owens 04—Republican https://owens.house.gov
Vermont
Peter F. Welch At Large—Democrat https://welch.house.gov
Virgin Islands
Stacey E. Plaskett Delegate—Democrat https://plaskett.house.gov
Virginia
Robert J. Wittman 01—Republican http://wittman.house.gov
Elaine G. Luria 02—Democrat https://luria.house.gov
Robert C. Scott 03—Democrat http://bobbyscott.house.gov
A. Donald McEachin 04—Democrat https://mceachin.house.gov
Robert G. Good 05—Republican https://good.house.gov
Benjamin L. Cline 06—Republican https://cline.house.gov
Abigail D. Spanberger 07—Democrat https://spanberger.house.gov
Donald S. Beyer, Jr. 08—Democrat http://beyer.house.gov
H. Morgan Griffith 09—Republican http://morgangriffith.house.gov
Jennifer L. Wexton 10—Democrat https://wexton.house.gov
Gerald E. Connolly 11—Democrat https://connolly.house.gov
Washington
Suzan K. DelBene 01—Democrat https://delbene.house.gov
Richard R. Larsen 02—Democrat http://larsen.house.gov
Jaime L. Herrera Beutler 03—Republican http://herrerabeutler.house.gov
Daniel M. Newhouse 04—Republican https://newhouse.house.gov
Cathy A. McMorris Rodgers 05—Republican http://mcmorris.house.gov
Derek C. Kilmer 06—Democrat https://kilmer.house.gov
Pramila Jayapal 07—Democrat https://jayapal.house.gov
Kimberly M. Schrier 08—Democrat https://schrier.house.gov
D. Adam Smith 09—Democrat https://adamsmith.house.gov
Marilyn Strickland 10—Democrat https://strickland.house.gov
West Virginia
David B. McKinley 01—Republican https://mckinley.house.gov
Alexander X. Mooney 02—Republican https://mooney.house.gov
Carol D. Miller 03—Republican https://miller.house.gov
Wisconsin
Bryan G. Steil 01—Republican https://steil.house.gov
Mark Pocan 02—Democrat http://pocan.house.gov
Ronald J. Kind 03—Democrat https://kind.house.gov
Gwendolynne S. Moore 04—Democrat https://gwenmoore.house.gov
Scott L. Fitzgerald 05—Republican https://fitzgerald.house.gov
Glenn S. Grothman 06—Republican http://grothman.house.gov
Thomas P. Tiffany 07—Republican https://tiffany.house.gov
Michael J. Gallagher 08—Republican https://gallagher.house.gov
Wyoming
Elizabeth L. Cheney At Large—Republican https://cheney.house.gov

Information on House.gov may be more accurate and current.

* * *
THE ABOVE LIST OF 435 REPRESENTATIVES WAS UPDATED 3–2021.
Democrats are 219; Republicans are 211; and 5 districts do not have a Representative.
The Resident Commissioner and Delegates are not counted as Members.
https://www.house.gov/representatives

Information on the Office of the Clerk's website may be more accurate and current.
https://clerkpreview.house.gov/Members#MemberProfiles

Sources of Information

Additional Resources

The "House of Representatives Resources" web page contains links that allow easy access to calendars, committee assignments, current House floor activities, directories, documents, profiles, statistics, texts of bills, the Office of the Clerk and the House Library, and information on committee meetings, House history, precedents, procedures, rules, salaries, Speakers of the House, vacancies, and information for those who are planning a visit to the U.S. Capitol.

https://www.congress.gov/help/house-of-representatives

Art Competition

Each spring, the Congressional Institute sponsors a nationwide high school visual art competition to recognize and encourage artistic talent. Students submit their entries to their Representative’s office, and panels of district artists select the winning artwork, which is displayed at the U.S. Capitol for 1 year.

http://www.house.gov/content/educate/art_competition

Campaign Finance

The Federal Election Commission maintains a campaign finance database that contains information on candidates, including congressional candidates, who file reports with the Commission. Users of the online "Candidate and Committee Viewer" can sort data and download them. The data presentations consist of biennial summaries, report summaries, and report images and downloads.

http://www.fec.gov/finance/disclosure/candcmte_info.shtml?tabIndex=1

Campaign Websites

The Library of Congress maintains a "Web Archives" that includes thousands of official campaign websites. Former congressional candidates' websites are part of this collection.

https://www.loc.gov/websites

Career Opportunities

The House Vacancy Announcement and Placement Service assists House Members, committees, and leadership by posting job vacancies and maintaining a resume bank. The Service provides confidential referral of resumes when House offices request them. Information on submitting a resume is available online.

http://www.house.gov/content/jobs/members_and_committees.php

To apply for positions with House organizations, read the individual vacancy announcements and follow the instructions.

http://www.house.gov/content/jobs/vacancies.php

Committees

Information on House committees is available on House.gov.

http://www.house.gov/committees

Additional information is available on the Office of the Clerk's website.

http://clerk.house.gov/committee_info/index.aspx

Congressional Record

Starting with the year 1995, the official record of the proceedings and debates of the U.S. Congress is available on Congress.gov.

https://www.congress.gov/congressional-record

Starting with the year 1994, the official record of the proceedings and debates of the U.S. Congress is available on the Government Publishing Office's govinfo website.

https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/crec

Contact the Clerk

Additional information on the House of Representatives is available from the Clerk, U.S. Capitol, Room H-154, Washington, DC 20515-6601. Phone, 202-225-7000.

https://clerkpreview.house.gov/About#OverviewContact | Email: info.clerkweb@mail.house.gov

Directories

The website House.gov has a directory that contains the committee assignment, congressional district, name, phone number, political affiliation, and room number of each Member of the U.S. House of Representatives, as well as the Uniform Resources Locator (URL) that leads to his or her website.

http://www.house.gov/representatives

The online "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774–Present," allows visitors to search for Members of Congress—past and present—by first or last name, political affiliation, position, State, or year or Congress.

http://bioguide.congress.gov/biosearch/biosearch.asp

Present and former Members of Congress have control numbers associated with their records in the "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress." Member IDs or "BioGuide IDs" serve as metadata within Congress.gov and legislative documents that the Government Publishing Office publishes.

https://www.congress.gov/help/field-values/member-bioguide-ids

Find a Representative

A Zip code-based search tool is available on House.gov for locating a representative.

http://www.house.gov/representatives/find

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

The Office of the Clerk has posted answers to general legislative questions and to more specific questions related to members and committees.

https://clerkpreview.house.gov/Help#MemberFAQs

Glossaries

The Office of the Clerk's website has a short glossary for children.

https://kids-clerk.house.gov/high-school/glossary.html

House.gov has a glossary of terms for readers of congressional records.

http://history.house.gov/Records-and-Research/FAQs/Congressional-Glossary/

House.gov features a glossary of records management terms.

http://history.house.gov/Records-and-Research/FAQs/Records-Glossary/

The "Statement of Disbursements" is a quarterly public report of all receipts and expenditures for U.S. House of Representatives committees, leadership, Members, and officers and offices. To help the general public read this report, House.gov maintains an online glossary.

https://www.house.gov/the-house-explained/open-government/statement-of-disbursements/glossary-of-terms

History

The House of Representative's "History, Art and Archives" website features resources and a trove of information, including online collections, exhibitions, publications, and records.

http://history.house.gov | Email: history@mail.house.gov

In 2015, the "History, Art & Archives" team presented 10 favorite historical highlights and blog posts. Its selection had an eclectic character and includes highlights on a lavaliere of diamonds, the protective power of a thrice-folded newspaper, the House gym, an amendment to abolish the U.S. Senate, national weather forecasts, possums, dueling in the House, hunting dogs on the floor, a titanic story of love and courage, and a very kissable man.

https://history.house.gov/Blog/2015/May/5-20-Top-Ten/

Learning About the House

The Office of the Clerk's website features educational and entertaining information on the legislative branch of the Government for students of all ages. Its "Kids in the House" site explains the role of the House of Representatives, describes the legislative process, and covers House history.

https://kids-clerk.house.gov

Adults seeking to learn about commissions, committees, House history, House leadership, Representatives, rules, or a Representative's schedule may benefit from "The House Explained" section on House.gov.

http://www.house.gov/content/learn

Member Profiles

The "Members of the U.S. Congress" database contains profiles for Representatives who have held office since 1973 or were still serving in the 93d Congress. Users of the database can filter profiles by chamber, Congress, political affiliation, and State or U.S. Territory. A Member profile includes the following: dates of service, district number and State, party affiliation, and a picture when available, as well as a link to the Member's entry in the "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774–Present" and a link to remarks made in the "Congressional Record." A profile also includes the list of legislation that the Member sponsored and cosponsored.

https://www.congress.gov/members

The Office of the Clerk's website also maintains a database of Member profiles.

https://clerkpreview.house.gov/Members#MemberProfiles

Most-Viewed Bills

The top ten most-viewed bills list is compiled each Monday and posted on the Congress.gov website.

https://www.congress.gov/resources/display/content/Most-Viewed+Bills

Oath of Office

The constitutional oath of office requires each Member of Congress to swear or affirm that he or she will support and defend the U.S. Constitution against foreign and domestic enemies; bear faith and allegiance to the Constitution; take this obligation freely, with neither mental reservation nor purpose of evasion; and discharge the duties of the office well and faithfully.

https://clerkpreview.house.gov/Members#MemberOaths

Party Seats / Vacancies

The Office of the Clerk's "House at a Glance" page keeps a tally of the number of Democratic, Independent, Libertarian, Republican, and vacant seats in the House of Representatives.

https://clerk.house.gov/#view-at-a-glance

People Search

The "History, Art, and Archives" section on the House.gov website has a versatile tool that allows users to search a comprehensive database containing biographical information on Members of the House of Representatives and on nonmember officers like chaplains, clerks, parliamentarians, sergeants at arms, and others.

https://history.house.gov/People/Search

Publications

The Congressional Directory, Rules and Manual of the House of Representatives, and telephone directory for the House of Representatives are available from the Government Publishing Office's bookstore. Phone, 202-512-0132.

https://bookstore.gpo.gov/agency/congress-legislative-branch | Email: mainbks@gpo.gov

Schedule

The House's schedule and related resources are available in the "Legislative Activity" section on House.gov.

http://www.house.gov/legislative

Site Map

House.gov features a site map that allows visitors to look for a specific topic or to browse content that aligns with their interests.

http://www.house.gov/content/site_tools/sitemap.php

Vacancies

The Office of the Clerk posts recent resignations, deaths, and other separations from the House of Representatives on its "Current Vacancies" web page. Vacancies are grouped according to congressional session, and the page includes the results of recent special elections that have been held to fill vacancies.

http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/vacancies.aspx?pr=house&%3Bvid=130

The above Sources of Information for the House of Representatives were updated 2–2021.